This study systematically reviewed androgenetic alopecia's clinical features, mechanisms, and treatments, highlighting that current drugs have limitations but emerging therapies and personalized treatment strategies could enhance efficacy and outcomes.
January 2008 in “Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism” This study suggests that a specific region upstream of the TGF-β1 gene may play a key role in androgenetic alopecia by regulating gene expression in a cell-specific manner.
March 2018 in “Nepal journal of dermatology, venereology & leprology” This study observed no association between androgenetic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia in men aged 20 and older, although a positive family history was linked to early onset of hair loss.
March 2017 in “Journal of Dermatology” This article is a letter discussing variations in male sex hormone levels among different pattern subtypes of androgenetic alopecia and does not present new research results.
January 2012 in “Vitamins & trace elements” This study observed that smokers and alcohol consumers with androgenetic alopecia had significantly lower serum levels of antioxidant vitamins, and these habits may trigger earlier onset of alopecia in susceptible individuals.
60 citations
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October 2009 in “Dermatology” This article proposes a hypothesis for alopecia areata hair loss patterns and provides epidemiological evidence supporting distinct hair loss characteristics between general cases and those with androgenetic alopecia; it presents no new clinical results.
58 citations
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January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” This study found that testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone induced apoptosis in dermal papilla cells from nonbalding scalp regions, suggesting a high androgen stimulus can trigger cell death related to androgenetic alopecia.
46 citations
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September 2003 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This study found that trichodynia is common among patients with telogen effluvium and androgenetic alopecia, and it often coexists with psychological issues like depression and anxiety.
22 citations
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August 2009 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study found that a composition including Serenoa repens extract and anti-inflammatory agents effectively suppressed inflammation-related gene expression in a keratinocyte model, suggesting a potential dual strategy for treating androgenetic alopecia.
18 citations
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June 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, trichoscopy consistently identified typical findings of frontal fibrosing alopecia, revealing three unusual clinical patterns in 18.4% of patients, which may aid in the differential diagnosis when clinical presentations are atypical.
5 citations
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September 2011 in “Pediatric Dermatology” This case report describes androgenetic alopecia in two young siblings, highlighting its occurrence in children and suggesting a possible familial pattern given their mother's similar condition.
2 citations
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October 1998 in “Family Practice” New oral treatment, finasteride, effectively and safely treats common hair loss.
June 2023 in “Food frontiers” In this animal study, researchers observed that ginsenoside CK significantly reduced hair loss, improved sexual organ health, and encouraged hair growth in mice with androgenetic alopecia by modulating key signaling pathways and normalizing hormone metabolism, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent.
The paper concludes that the patchiness of alopecia areata is likely due to when the immune attack happens in the hair growth cycle.
This study evaluated the accuracy of the HairCheck device, a cross-section trichometer, and concluded that it effectively measures changes in hair diameter and density for assessing alopecia progression and treatment response.
Detailed history and physical examination are crucial for diagnosing hair loss.
July 2014 in “Journal of Dermatology” This article discusses phototrichogram education and patient satisfaction in androgenetic alopecia but reports no new clinical findings.
This study examined serum PSA levels in women with androgenetic alopecia to evaluate their potential as a marker for androgen effects on target organs.
4 citations
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August 2005 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This study detected higher expression of p63 in occipital scalp areas compared to frontal areas, with minimal changes in beta-catenin expression and a novel finding of CD34 positive cells in hair follicles' outer root sheath.
115 citations
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September 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” This article reviews the molecular mechanisms involved in androgenetic alopecia and the androgen's paradoxical role in hair growth, but reports no new experimental findings.
57 citations
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February 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses the role of Prostaglandin D2 and its synthase in androgenetic alopecia but reports no new clinical findings, suggesting pathways for future therapeutic development.
55 citations
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July 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This article reviews treatment options for androgenetic alopecia and suggests that therapy should be personalized and targeted at various pathophysiological aspects, but reports no new clinical findings.
41 citations
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October 2011 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This meta-analysis suggests that the G allele of AR StuI polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for AGA, particularly in white populations.
19 citations
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June 2019 in “Clinical Drug Investigation” This study concluded that platelet-rich plasma injections significantly improved hair density, thickness, and scalp inflammation in both male and female pattern hair loss, with better outcomes in lower-grade cases.
15 citations
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June 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review discusses recent genetic findings on hormonal signaling pathways in androgenetic alopecia, reporting no new study results but highlighting the need for further investigation.
11 citations
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July 2017 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs” This review discusses current and emerging therapeutic strategies for androgenetic alopecia, noting limited evidence but suggesting areas such as prostaglandin analogs, PRP, and progenitor cell therapies as promising future directions.
8 citations
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November 2019 in “Dermatologic Clinics” This study highlights the importance of clinicians understanding the effects of gender-affirming hormones like testosterone, estrogen, and antiandrogens on hair growth, to effectively diagnose and treat androgenetic alopecia in gender minority patients.
4 citations
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March 2015 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” This study suggests a relationship between insulin resistance and androgenetic alopecia in women, independent of hyperandrogenemia.
February 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to find a significant causal relationship between high fasting insulin levels and androgenetic alopecia, while identifying potential core genes and metabolic pathways that could mediate this link.
June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study identified a network of interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs that involve key signaling pathways, suggesting new insights into the mechanisms behind androgenetic alopecia.