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Shorter CAG repeats in a specific gene may increase male hormone activity and symptoms like acne and excess hair in women with PCOS.

Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.

The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.

Diagnosing simple-virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be difficult and requires thorough testing and expert advice.

Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.

Certain gene variations are linked to higher male hormone levels in Chinese women with PCOS and insulin resistance.

Hormone imbalances from the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands can cause infertility, but treating these disorders can improve fertility.

Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.

Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.

Spironolactone plus finasteride reduces hirsutism more effectively.

Hirsutism can be caused by various conditions besides PCOS, and it's important to treat the underlying issue and manage symptoms with medication and cosmetic approaches.

Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.

The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.

Women with PCOS have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and need lifestyle changes and treatment.

The document concludes that proper diagnosis and combined treatments are key for hirsutism management, and weight loss may help overweight patients.

Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS requires a thorough approach, considering various symptoms and risks, and calls for improved methods to identify PCOS types and prevent diabetes.

The 2003 consensus updated PCOS diagnosis criteria and linked PCOS to higher risks of diabetes and heart problems, recommending lifestyle changes to lower these risks.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with PCOS and linked to some metabolic problems, but not the main cause of their metabolic issues.

Women with PCOS and polycystic ovaries have higher male hormone levels and more insulin resistance, especially if they are overweight.

Women with PCOS often have sleep problems, including sleep apnea, which are linked to obesity and depression.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.

Obese women with PCOS show a male-like pattern in certain fat tissue gene expressions.

Birth control pills combined with bicalutamide are more effective at reducing excessive hair growth in women with PCOS than birth control pills alone.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.

Diagnosing and managing PCOS in teens is hard, but early diagnosis and lifestyle changes are key, and more research is needed for long-term health.

Ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for skin conditions caused by excess androgens.