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The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Hirsutism is mainly caused by high androgen levels or sensitivity, with PCOS being the most common cause.

The document concludes that correct diagnosis and management of PCOS are important, and more research is needed on its risks and treatments.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

A patient with myotonic dystrophy had several autoimmune disorders and thyroid cancer, suggesting a possible link between these conditions.

Effective hirsutism management requires identifying the cause, combining new and traditional treatments, and setting realistic expectations for patients.

Most women with excessive hair growth have PCOS; treatment varies and focuses on preventing new hair, with electrolysis as the only permanent removal method.

Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

Hair loss led to the diagnosis of Cushing's disease in a patient, showing that hair loss can be a sign of hormonal disorders.

Diagnose and manage hair issues in women by checking medical conditions and using personalized treatments.

A woman's excessive hair growth and masculine features were due to a rare benign ovarian tumor and endometrial cancer, which improved after surgery.

The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.

Certain steroids in the brain affect mood and symptoms of depression, and treatments targeting these steroids show promise for improving these symptoms.

Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.

New markers and pathways have been found in skin tumors, helping better understand and diagnose them.

Skin diseases linked to insulin resistance should be managed to prevent diabetes and reduce heart disease risk.

Diagnosing and treating PCOS is complex due to differing criteria and requires a team approach.

Proper care and diet are crucial to prevent health issues in gerbils.

A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.

Cabergoline helped a boy with Cushing disease get better after surgery and radiotherapy didn't work.

Adult acne is often related to hormonal disorders, especially in women, and may need long-term treatment involving specialists.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

Most hirsutism patients had idiopathic hirsutism or PCOS, with hormonal imbalances and signs like acne and irregular periods.

Recent genetic insights show that low-renin hypertension includes a range from essential hypertension to secondary or familial forms, affecting diagnosis and treatment.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.

Diabetes can lead to blindness and skin problems, and managing blood sugar and blood pressure is crucial to prevent these complications.

Adrenal disorders can cause lasting brain and behavior issues in children.

A woman with a rare adrenal tumor and hormonal disorder had improved testosterone levels after surgery, but her menstrual irregularities continued.

A boy's hair loss improved after tumor removal and vitamin D treatment, but hair loss returned despite normal vitamin D and no tumor regrowth.