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Improving artificial vascular grafts requires better materials and surface designs to reduce blood clotting and support blood vessel cell growth.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Niosomes are a promising, stable, and cost-effective drug delivery system with potential for improved targeting and safety.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Tofacitinib is effective and safe for severe hair loss, but full regrowth is less likely after 10 years of hair loss.

Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Accurate diagnosis and effective oral treatment are key to managing tinea capitis and preventing its spread.

Caffeine in cosmetics may reduce cellulite, protect skin, and stimulate hair growth, but more research is needed on its use and effects.

Peptide hydrogels heal burn wounds faster and better than standard dressings.

Most people with systemic lupus erythematosus have skin problems, and skin symptoms are often the first sign of the disease.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Platelet-rich plasma might help with hair growth and skin conditions, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness and safety.

Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

No effective treatment for frontal fibrosing alopecia was found, but oral 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors had the best response; for lichen planopilaris, topical corticosteroids were commonly used but had a high relapse rate.

Flutamide rarely causes liver toxicity in prostate cancer patients.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a cheap and easy treatment for hair loss, but not suitable for everyone. It also helps in healing ulcers, rejuvenating skin, and improving hair transplants.

Foals with Rhodococcus equi infection often have other health problems that lower their chances of survival.

Finasteride with oral contraceptive helps improve hair loss in premenopausal women.

Preoperative pain assessment, regional anesthesia, and vitamin C can help prevent CRPS after surgery.