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This study reported that patients with alopecia areata have reduced expression of the melanocortin receptor MC2R in their scalp tissues compared to normal scalp, indicating potential involvement in the condition's pathophysiology.

Alopecia areata may involve stress-related changes affecting hormone receptors, leading to reduced cortisol production.

This study suggests that αMSH may play a regulatory role in human dermal papilla cells, potentially influencing immune and inflammatory responses in hair follicles, which could contribute to inflammatory alopecia.

This study found that human scalp hair follicles can respond to corticotropin releasing hormone stimulation similarly to the classical HPA axis, including up-regulating cortisol production and activating neuroendocrine feedback loops.

This study found that stress hormones, particularly CRF, can inhibit hair growth and induce hair loss by affecting human dermal papilla cells and hair follicles, suggesting a functional HPA axis in these cells.

This study found that corticotropin-releasing factor influences cytokine expression related to hair growth in human dermal papilla cells and suggests CRF receptor antagonists could be potential treatments for stress-induced hair loss.

Generalized glucocorticoid resistance causes hormone imbalances and varied symptoms due to gene mutations.

This study reviewed the current understanding of congenital adrenal hyperplasia from 21-hydroxylase deficiency, highlighting the impact of universal newborn screening in reducing mortality and discussing ongoing treatment challenges and future therapeutic prospects.

This paper describes the hGRα gene structure and its expression, focusing on the functional properties of the longest GRα isoform, but reports no new results.

This study reports that stress-related neurohormones and factors, such as CRH and SP, can inhibit hair growth and alter immune functions in murine and human hair follicles.

This article discusses the role of neurohormones and neuropeptides in hair follicle pigmentation and outlines promising neuroendocrinological strategies to address greying and damage, but reports no new clinical results.

This theoretical review analyzes how stress affects hair loss through hormonal and neural pathways, indicating that knowledgeable hairdressers could help in early detection and guide clients toward medical interventions, highlighting a potential collaboration between aesthetic care and medical treatment for stress-induced alopecia.

This article discusses the potential role of a local skin POMC system in the murine hair cycle and cutaneous stress responses, with no new results presented.

This study suggests that human scalp hair follicles express erythropoietin and its receptor, up-regulating receptor expression under hypoxic conditions, and may mimic another hypothalamus–pituitary axis equivalent involving the TRH-TSH system.

This study describes the first case of female pseudohermaphroditism due to a novel homozygous glucocorticoid receptor gene mutation, indicating possible pre- and postnatal virilization in affected females.

In this case study, the use of somatostatin analogues was effective in localizing and confirming a neuroendocrine lung tumor as the source of ectopic ACTH syndrome, leading to marked clinical improvement in a patient unable to undergo surgery.

In this study, researchers found that caffeine can counteract stress-induced damage in ex vivo human androgenetic alopecia hair follicles, suggesting it may help prevent stress-related hair loss.

This study found that α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone increased melanin production in hair follicles of moulting Siberian hamsters, whereas [8-arginine]-vasotocin inhibited melanin production without affecting tyrosinase activity.

This review explores the complex endocrine functions of human skin and its role as a peripheral endocrine organ, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the role of stress mediators in skin diseases and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest further research in skin psychoneuroimmunology.

This study found that Avicennia marina extract and its active compound avicequinone C inhibit enzymes and receptors related to androgenic alopecia, potentially supporting hair growth in cultured dermal papilla cells.

This study found that activating Toll-like receptor 3 signaling in periodontal ligament stem cells may enhance their immunomodulatory properties, suggesting potential implications for future stem cell therapy applications.

Vitamin D3 and its receptor are important for hair growth, and understanding receptors could help treat hair graying and skin cancer.

In this study, a novel mutation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene was identified in a young woman, impairing glucocorticoid signaling and leading to generalized glucocorticoid resistance.

This study found that mutant glucocorticoid receptors have defective transcriptional activity and dynamic motility issues in the nucleus, likely due to impaired interactions with nuclear molecules necessary for gene activation.

In this study, researchers identified a novel genetic variant in the NR3C1 gene in a mother and her son that predicts a truncated protein, leading to glucocorticoid resistance syndrome with mild hyperandrogenic features, although no clear genotype-phenotype correlation has been established.

This review examines the clinical features, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of Chrousos syndrome but reports no new experimental findings on this condition.

This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of androgens and androgen receptors in skin disorders, particularly androgenetic alopecia, and reports no new clinical results; it highlights potential areas for future treatment development.

This review discusses the use of antiandrogens like flutamide and its derivatives in prostate cancer treatment and highlights the need for next-generation antiandrogens for improved efficacy; it reports no new clinical results.

In this study, ethanol was found to enhance GABAergic neurosteroid production and inhibit long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices via unblocked NMDA receptor activation, effects reversible by specific inhibitors.