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This paper reports on the structural characteristics of α-type filaments in the inner root sheath cells of guinea pig hair follicles without presenting new clinical findings.

This study found that mutations in type I IRS keratin genes disrupt keratin protein complexes in mice, suggesting crucial roles for these genes in proper hair coat formation.

Type I and Type II keratin chains can form heterodimers despite sequence differences.

This study characterizes a type II keratin intermediate filament gene family involved in early sheep follicle differentiation, detailing gene expression patterns and sequences in hair cortical cells.

This study sequenced a related gene to KRT2.9 called KRT2.13, which encodes a type II keratin protein not expressed in the hair follicle, and found significant sequence homology suggesting possible gene conversion or conservation of functional sequences.

This study found that a newly identified gene, mK17n, may explain the lack of nail issues in mK17 null mice by compensating for mK17's function in the nail bed.

This study found that the hHa1-t protein variant, caused by a genetic polymorphism in the hHa1 gene, forms functional keratin filaments despite lacking a complete nonhelical tail domain, explaining the absence of a pathological hair phenotype.

This study found that keratin 19, unlike keratin 14, forms less stable filaments with keratin 5, suggesting distinct assembly properties and potential unique roles in skin basal cells.

This study found that CD2 could be a potential new therapeutic target for treating patchy-type alopecia areata, suggesting the need for further research into its role.

This study found that despite strong homology between two K16 genes, only one encoded a functional protein that assembled into keratin filaments in epithelial cells, possibly due to promoter strength differences.

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the Glu413Lys mutation in human hair keratin significantly affects the stability of coiled coil structures, whereas Glu413Asp showed no impact on stability.

This study found that mice lacking the type 3 IP(3) receptor in their hair follicles experienced repetitive hair loss and regrowth, indicating disrupted hair-cycle regulation potentially linked to specific signaling pathways.

Keratin heterodimers are preferred for their specific and structural advantages.

This study suggests that specific combinations of human type I and II hair keratins, particularly K35-K85 and K36-K81, have distinct in vitro assembly properties that are significant for macrofibril formation.

This study found that type II keratins in proliferating epithelial tissues are phosphorylated at a conserved motif during mitosis and stress, impacting keratin solubilization and reorganization.

This study found that disulfide bonds in keratin increase its strength and toughness, with some loss of α-helical structure under load, highlighting their role in trichocyte α-keratin's mechanical properties.

In this study, targeting the expression of a keratin KRT5/KRT8 chimeric cDNA in keratin-deficient mice partially restored structural defects in epidermal cells, but did not fully normalize skin health.

This study suggests that spiny keratoderma may be an ectopic hair formation on palms and soles, based on keratinization patterns observed using antikeratin antibodies and electron microscopy.

This case report describes two patients with trichothiodystrophy who exhibited a different pattern of hair protein composition changes, suggesting a subgroup of TTD characterized by partial loss of high-sulfur proteins without significant alteration in their amino acid composition.

Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.

In this study, researchers found that the absence of type I or type II keratins in mice leads to severe skin barrier defects, highlighting keratins' crucial role in epidermal structure and function.

This review discusses the evolutionary history of keratins and reports no new results, highlighting key events that contributed to the development of mammalian hair and integument.

This review discusses the history, structure, and biological significance of keratins, including the crystal structure of a keratin helical segment, without reporting new experimental results.

This study used ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography to observe hair shaft structures, finding melanin granules absent only in white hair, which may explain color differences between black and white hair.

This study identified key molecular differences between Long and Short hair type cashmere goats, suggesting hair type differentiation is linked to structural assembly and follicle remodeling.

This chapter reviews keratins in skin epithelia, including their roles in cellular function and disease, and reports no new experimental results.

This study found that keratin K80, structurally similar to hair keratins, is broadly expressed in various epithelial tissues and is involved in intermediate filament formation with multiple type I partners.

This study identified and characterized human hair-specific keratin genes, revealing their sequence homology with mouse counterparts and expression in hair follicle precortical cells.