research Disorders of Sex Development
DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
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research The Laboratory in the Multidisciplinary Diagnosis of Differences or Disorders of Sex Development (DSD)
Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
research Genetic Defects of Female Sexual Differentiation
Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.
research Androgen Biosynthesis and Gene Defects
Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.
research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management
Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
research Basics of Androgen Synthesis and Action
Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.
research Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Detailed Review of 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
CAH is a genetic disorder affecting cortisol production and causing hormonal imbalances, with treatment and diagnosis varying by form and symptoms.
research Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.
research 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development Due to Type 2 5-Alpha Reductase Deficiency in Three Siblings: A Case Report from a Low-Resource Setting
Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
research Steroidogenesis of the Testis: New Genes and Pathways
New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.
research A Teenage Girl with Unexpected Pubertal Changes
The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
research Abstracts From The 55th European Society Of Human Genetics Conference: E-Posters
Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.
research Longitudinal Clinical Course in Patients With 5α-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency Treated With Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone During Infancy and Puberty
Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.
research Testicular Steroidogenesis: Production and Regulation of Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone
Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
research Effects of Pre- and Post-Pubertal Dihydrotestosterone Treatment on Penile Length in 5α-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency
Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.
research The 5 Alpha-Reductase Isozyme Family: A Review of Basic Biology and Their Role in Human Diseases
The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.
research Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming People, Version 7
The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
research Endocrine Treatment of Transsexual Persons: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline
The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
research Steroidogenic Isoenzymes in Human Hair and Their Potential Role in Androgenetic Alopecia
Steroidogenic isoenzymes may help improve treatments for common hair loss.
research Androgen Effects in Mammals
Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.
research Delayed Puberty: Diagnosis and Management of Congenital Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
A 19-year-old male with delayed puberty was successfully treated for a condition that prevents normal hormone production.
research Kennedy's Disease and Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome: Report of 4 Cases and Literature Review
The conclusion is that adult males with muscle weakness and hormonal imbalances should be tested for Kennedy's disease.
research Endocrine Abnormalities in Ring Chromosome 11: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Ring Chromosome 11 may be linked to conditions like early puberty, excessive hair growth, hair loss, and type 2 diabetes.
research Androgen Treatment in Adolescent Males With Hypogonadism
Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
research Testosterone: The Male Sex Hormone
More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
research Intracrine Androgen Biosynthesis, Metabolism, and Action Revisited
The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.
research Clinical Biochemistry of Dihydrotestosterone
Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.
research New Insights Into Testosterone Biosynthesis: Novel Observations From HSD17B3 Deficient Mice
Mice without the enzyme HSD17B3 still produce normal testosterone, suggesting they have different ways to make it compared to humans.
research Adult Patients with Aphallia: Were They Fertile?
The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.
research Male Androgenetic Alopecia
Male androgenetic alopecia involves hair follicle miniaturization due to DHT, with potential treatments using inhibitors and blockers.