34 citations,
February 1993 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.
9 citations,
March 1991 in “Endocrinology” Using two drugs together, Flutamide and 4-MA, is more effective for blocking male hormones than using each one alone.
69 citations,
February 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Controlled delivery of specific RNA and IL-4 restored hair growth in mice with autoimmune alopecia.
67 citations,
May 2013 in “Therapeutic drug monitoring” Wait 4-5 weeks after drug use before hair testing and cut hair into three segments to confirm single drug exposure.
59 citations,
March 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Smad-4 and Smad-7 are key in hair follicle development, with other Smads being less important.
20 citations,
September 2021 in “Nature communications” Cat color patterns are determined early in development by gene expression and epidermal changes, with the Dickkopf 4 gene playing a crucial role.
11 citations,
January 2018 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” A 4-year-old boy with a rare type of rickets and hair loss improved in bone health but not hair growth after vitamin D and calcium treatment.
3 citations,
July 2004 in “SKINmed/Skinmed” A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed with erythrokeratodermia variabilis after other treatments failed.
2 citations,
July 2005 in “Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings” A 4-year-old girl was diagnosed with trichotillomania, a condition where she pulls out her hair, which may resolve on its own or require therapy.
1 citations,
August 2010 in “Optometry and Vision Science” A 4-year-old boy's vision and hair loss were likely caused by inflammation.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Baricitinib 4 mg is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method using 1,4-n-butylene dimaleate effectively repairs and strengthens damaged hair.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 increase skin's vulnerability to Staphylococcus aureus, which could be important for treating atopic dermatitis.
January 2023 in “Han'gug mi'saengmul saengmyeong gong haghoeji/Han-guk misaengmul saengmyeong gonghak hoeji” NOC-4 extract promotes black hair and hair growth effectively.
November 2017 in “Pediatrics in Review” A 4-year-old girl with hair loss was diagnosed with early-onset trichotillomania and improved with behavioral interventions.
April 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A 4-year-old girl had a rare hair disorder affecting only part of her scalp.
January 2007 in “The Year book of surgery” The mouse model shows potential for understanding and improving scarless wound healing, and Wnt-4 and TGF-β1 play a role in wound healing and scar formation.
April 2002 in “Postgraduate medicine” A 4-year-old boy's itchy, scaly scalp and hair loss were correctly diagnosed as tinea capitis after initial misdiagnosis.
December 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Compound 4 is a promising treatment for hair loss with low toxicity.
378 citations,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.
22 citations,
May 2017 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” BD 1/4 dilution is the best for treating localized alopecia areata in adults.
19 citations,
March 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.
9 citations,
March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” About 19.4% of Iranian women in the study have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the most common type involving irregular periods and high male hormone levels, but their heart and metabolic health is similar to women without the condition.
4 citations,
October 2020 in “Therapeutic drug monitoring” Lower tacrolimus levels (4-7 ng/mL) after liver transplant may be safe and improve graft and kidney function.
December 2022 in “Jurnal Farmasi Klinik Base Practice” Cyclophosphamide helped 59.4% of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome but caused side effects in 40.6%.
18 citations,
April 2021 in “Experimental Dermatology” COVID-19 may cause hair loss and scalp pain due to inflammation and changes in hair follicle receptors, but these symptoms typically resolve in 2 to 4 months.
3 citations,
January 2021 in “Skin appendage disorders” Hair loss can occur about 4 weeks after scalp surgery but usually grows back within 3 months without treatment.
3 citations,
January 2018 in “İstanbul Kuzey Klinikleri” Hair loss was found in 37.4% of surveyed rural high-school students in Eskisehir, Turkey, affecting their quality of life, especially in general health and mental well-being.
1 citations,
August 2023 in “JAMA Dermatology” Increasing the dose of baricitinib to 4 mg helps more patients with severe alopecia areata regrow hair.
October 2023 in “TURKDERM” COVID-19 reduced dermatology visits by 30.4%, with more male patients and increased cases of psoriasis, bullous diseases, and melanoma.