April 2023 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” This study compared the effects of direct heat perms and softening heat perms on hair, analyzing damage and morphological changes to understand their impact on hair fibers and provide foundational data for future research.
20 citations
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January 2003 in “Journal of oleo science” This study found that both everyday physical and environmental stresses, as well as chemical treatments, contributed to hair damage, with cuticle layers being more noticeably affected.
This study found that, compared to oxidative treatments, reductive perm-waving more severely impacts the intermediate filaments in European human hair, while both treatments alter denaturation kinetics in a first-order manner.
63 citations
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August 1996 in “Forensic Science International” In this study, bleaching and perming were found to significantly reduce opiate concentrations in both spiked and naturally opiate-positive human hair samples.
18 citations
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July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study observed that combining hair dyeing with sodium hydroxide relaxers drastically increased protein loss in Caucasian virgin dark brown hair, while ammonium thioglycolate or guanidine hydroxide relaxers caused less damage.