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This study found that human peptidylarginine deiminase type III is the predominant isoform in hair follicles and may modulate structural proteins during hair and hair follicle formation.

This study demonstrates that PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in hair follicle differentiation, while PAD1 and PAD2 may play a role in the physiology of sweat glands and arrector pili muscles.

This study found that enzymatic conversion of Arg-51 in S100A3 protein to citrulline promotes homotetramer assembly, potentially increasing Ca²⁺ binding required for hair cuticular barrier formation.

This article reports that mutations in the PADI3 gene, affecting its activity or localization, cause uncombable hair syndrome and are linked to central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, particularly among women of African ancestry.

This review discusses the role of peptidylarginine deiminases in skin homeostasis and diseases, particularly in keratinocyte differentiation and hair disorders, but presents no new experimental findings.