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This study found that trichocytic cytokeratins, typically found in hair, are also present in nails, filiform papillae of the tongue, and the epithelial reticulum of the thymus.

In this study, researchers identified the ventral matrix as the primary source of nail plate formation, while the dorsal portion is generated by the apical matrix.

This study found that T cytokeratins appear more gradually and with complex coexpression patterns in developing nail structures compared to the more abrupt transition in hair follicles.

This study found that keratin expression patterns vary within nail unit structures, with the nail matrix uniquely expressing the acidic hair-type keratin Ha1.

This study suggests that onychopapilloma may originate from the nail bed rather than the nail matrix, with nail bed-related keratins and HK31 potentially serving as diagnostic markers.