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    Glossary Specific Gravity

    measure of density relative to water's density

    Specific Gravity (SG), also known as relative density, is a measure of the density of a substance compared to the density of water. It is a dimensionless quantity, meaning it has no units, and is calculated by dividing the density of the substance by the density of water at a specified temperature, typically 4°C (39.2°F). For example, if a substance has a specific gravity of 2, it is twice as dense as water. This concept is useful in various fields, including biology and chemistry, to determine the concentration and purity of substances.

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