July 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” This study found that a single session of botulinum toxin, whether administered subcutaneously or combined intramuscularly and subcutaneously, did not significantly improve hair density or hair quality in men with androgenetic alopecia after six months.
May 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” The study did not find evidence to support using botulinum toxin as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia.
September 2025 in “Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” This review reports that while botulinum toxin shows potential mechanisms for treating androgenetic alopecia, recent high-quality trials found no significant hair density improvement compared to placebo, indicating it can't yet replace traditional treatments.
February 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” This article discusses the various administration methods and considerations for testosterone replacement therapy, highlighting the importance of individualized therapeutic monitoring and potential adverse effects, but reports no new clinical results.
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August 2007 in “Molecular therapy” This study found that inducing hair follicles into the anagen-onset stage in mice enhances the immune response to a topically applied DNA vaccine against anthrax.