34 citations
,
July 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” This review highlights the need for methodologies to understand and quantify drug penetration into hair follicles as significant drug pathways, noting this area lacks comprehensive articles and reports no new results.
82 citations
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January 2002 in “Journal of drug targeting” This study found that drug delivery through human scalp skin may be more effective for lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs compared to abdominal skin, highlighting the potential of intrafollicular delivery methods.
21 citations
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November 2020 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that low massage frequencies like 4.2 Hz enhance nanoparticle penetration into hair follicles more effectively than higher frequencies, indicating potential applications in therapeutic and cosmetic delivery.
69 citations
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December 2015 in “Journal of Controlled Release” This study found that nanocapsules formulated as a dispersion and applied with massage may enhance follicular uptake of clobetasol propionate while minimizing its skin penetration, offering a potential improvement over conventional treatments for scalp diseases.
74 citations
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June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that hair follicles are a significant and efficient pathway for the absorption of topical minoxidil foam in humans, with faster blood detection when follicles are open.