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This study identified a distinct cytokine activation signature in alopecia areata, involving TH2, TH1, IL-23, and IL-9/TH9 pathways, suggesting potential targeting strategies similar to those in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

This review highlights recent insights into how IL-15 influences T cell responses and contributes to immunopathogenesis in various diseases, suggesting its crucial role in TCR-independent activation and potential in optimizing therapeutic strategies.

This review examines the role of IL-15 in alopecia areata treatment but reports no clinical results, as there are currently insufficient studies to determine its therapeutic potential.

This study suggests that interleukin-15 plays a complex role in alopecia areata, potentially contributing to immune infiltration while also protecting against hair follicle immune privilege collapse and promoting hair growth.

This study suggests that rather than inhibiting IL-15, selectively stimulating IL-15Ra-mediated signaling could be beneficial for managing alopecia areata and possibly other inflammatory hair loss conditions, as IL-15 promoted hair growth and maintained immune privilege in human hair follicles.