6 citations,
May 2005 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Autoimmunity can cause both alopecia areata and idiopathic primary hypophysitis.
30 citations,
July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
4 citations,
August 2017 in “The Nurse Practitioner” Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.
78 citations,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
38 citations,
November 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.