June 2021 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study reported the preparation of stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions that effectively incorporate ceramide-like molecules and minoxidil, suggesting these formulations may enhance distribution and availability of hydrophobic compounds in cosmetic applications.
May 2026 in “Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications” This study found that the carbohydrate-based excipient β-cyclodextrin forms a stable inclusion complex with the active ingredient of Minoxicapil®, potentially enhancing its formulation for hair-loss treatment, and in vitro assays suggest improved proliferation of DPC cells, supporting its use in topical treatments.
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July 2021 in “Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin/Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin” This study found that rubbing significantly increased skin permeation of caffeine but not rhododendrol, with the direction of rubbing playing a crucial role in caffeine's enhancement.
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January 2023 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” In this study, hydrophobic interactions were found to primarily drive deposition on virgin hair, while electrostatic interactions were more significant for bleached hair, highlighting different target moieties for hair conditioning products.
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January 2025 in “Molecules” This review reported that while glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine tripeptide copper complex (GHK–Cu) has limited skin permeation when used alone, liposomes may enhance its absorption, but there is limited research on this aspect, highlighting a need for further studies.