36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
17 citations
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August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
February 2025 in “Animals” Understanding proteins in skin structures like claws and hair is crucial for future research.
68 citations
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April 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Trichohyalin-like proteins are essential for the development of skin structures like hair, nails, and feathers.