research The Sinicization of “ojas”, the Formation of “鬼舐/剃頭 Ghost Licking/Shaving Head”, and the Authenticity of the Guanding Sūtra
In this research, the authors examined translations of "ojas" in the Bhaiṣajyaguru Sūtra across different Chinese texts, noting variations and evolving interpretations; the study highlights linguistic evidence supporting the view that the text is a foreign-translated sūtra rather than a native creation.