8 citations
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June 2017 in “JAMA Dermatology” Women pay more for the same 5% minoxidil foam than men, but prices for liquid solutions are similar.
January 2026 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Female-marketed minoxidil foam is more expensive than male-marketed, but generic and bulk options can reduce this gap.
3 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study reported that facial moisturizers marketed to women were significantly more expensive than similar products marketed to men, with an average difference of $3.09 per ounce.
36 citations
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November 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This review discusses the significant burden of disease and psychosocial implications associated with alopecia, highlighting its comorbidities and the impact on quality of life despite being viewed traditionally as an aesthetic concern, but reports no clinical results.
125 citations
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August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses sex-based differences in immune responses, focusing on genetic, hormonal, and microbiome factors influencing infections like COVID-19, and reports no clinical results.