11 citations
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June 2020 in “Biomedicines” This study concluded that incorporating the percentage of free PSA and urinary markers improves the accuracy of determining the need for prostate biopsy.
6 citations
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July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study found that women with PCOS have higher total PSA levels than controls, and the total PSA level correlates positively with testosterone and free androgen index.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case study suggests that marijuana use may be associated with low TSH levels without causing thyroid dysfunction in humans.
16 citations
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January 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” This study found that serum PSA levels are higher in hirsute women and can be significantly reduced by antiandrogen treatment, suggesting PSA as a marker of androgen action in females.
1 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” This study found that increased PSA levels in women with hyperandrogenism may serve as a diagnostic marker, comparable to free testosterone levels.