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March 2024 in “International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics” This study found that varying the concentration of propylene glycol in rice water shampoo gel affects physical properties such as viscosity and foam height, without impacting organoleptic qualities or pH stability.
April 2026 in “Lebda Medical Journal” The researchers in this study conducted a comparative analysis of hair and body shampoos, finding notable physicochemical differences, such as body shampoos having lower surface tension and higher foam heights, while hair shampoos were more acidic, potentially to meet different biological and sensory needs.
September 2024 in “Research Repository Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim (University of Southampton)” In this study, researchers identified an optimal shampoo formulation using Design Expert software, which showed no significant differences in viscosity and foam height, and the physical characteristics met acceptable standards, suggesting its potential for supporting hair health and preventing hair loss.
In this study, clove leaf ethanol extract shampoo at 15% concentration effectively promoted hair growth in male white rats, though it was less effective than 5% minoxidil.
December 2024 in “Media Farmasi Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi” In this study, the researchers developed an optimum liquid shampoo formula using chia plant components and found it to meet specific physical characteristics and stability requirements, with viscosity and foam height tested within acceptable ranges.