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Exosome Therapy from Hypoxia-Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces TNF-α and Increases VEGF Levels in Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia Model

research Exosome Therapy from Hypoxia-treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces TNF-α and Increases VEGF Levels in Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia Model

November 2025 in “Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences”

This study evaluated the effects of exosome therapy from hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cells on a fluconazole-induced alopecia model in rats and found that it significantly reduced TNF-α and increased VEGF levels, suggesting potential as a novel regenerative treatment for alopecia.

research Secretome-Based Therapy Promotes Epidermal Thickness Recovery and Follicular Regrowth in Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in Rats

October 2025 in “International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science”

In this study, the application of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell secretome significantly increased hair follicle count in fluconazole-induced alopecia in rats, although changes in epidermal thickness were not significant, suggesting a novel approach for hair restoration.

Effect of Topical Gel Administration of Secretome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells on IL-10 and TNF-α Gene Expression: An In Vivo Experimental Study in Male Wistar Rats with Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia

research Effect of Topical Gel Administration of Secretome Hypoxia Mesenchymal Stem Cells (SH-MSCs) on IL-10 and TNF- α Gene Expression (In Vivo Experimental Study in Male Rats of Wistar Strains Model of Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia)

December 2023 in “International journal of multidisciplinary research and analysis”

In this study, topical administration of secretome hypoxia mesenchymal stem cells gel increased IL-10 and decreased TNF-α gene expression in a fluconazole-induced alopecia-like model in rats, with the 40 μL dose having the most significant effect.

research Secretome of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in Rats via Immunoregulatory Modulation of IL-15 and IFN-γ

April 2024 in “Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education”

In this study, researchers observed that a topical gel containing 20% hypoxia mesenchymal stem cell secretome significantly reduced IL-15 and IFN-γ mRNA expression and baldness by 60% in male Wistar rats with fluconazole-related alopecia.

research Examination of Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in an Animal Model and Human Cohort

6 citations , November 2018 in “Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (Print)”

This study found that fluconazole was associated with telogen effluvium in both a rat model and human patients, although retinoic acid levels were not identified as a causal factor.

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Community Join

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community "DHT Itch" and onset Seborrheic Dermatitis

in Research/Science 76 upvotes 2 years ago

The post and conversation discuss the link between DHT (a hormone), scalp itchiness, and hair loss. Some users share their experiences and treatments, including the use of fluconazole, corticosteroids, and ketoconazole shampoo, with one user suspecting minoxidil as a potential cause of their symptoms.

community Starting ketoconzole. How much and How many times a week?

in Ketoconazole 12 upvotes 1 year ago

A user is experiencing severe dandruff and hair loss, considering using ketoconazole shampoo 2% to manage these issues. They seek advice on application frequency and effectiveness, with suggestions to use it 2-3 times a week and to consider other treatments like finasteride for hair loss.

community 4 months on finasteride and 2% ketaconazole shampoo only.

in Progress Pictures 61 upvotes 1 year ago

A 29-year-old male shares progress pictures after 4 months using finasteride and 2% ketoconazole shampoo, noting initial shedding but overall improvement. He avoids minoxidil and microneedling, and reports thicker hair in balding areas while maintaining high water intake.

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Learn

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learn Ketoconazole

antifungal with some anti-androgenic benefits, often used as a shampoo

Can ketoconazole make hair loss worse before it makes it better? Ketoconazole may cause temporary hair shedding before potential improvement in hair growth.
Ketoconazole: Can I use it with minoxidil or finasteride? No published study has tested ketoconazole shampoo together with minoxidil and finasteride, and no interaction between them has been reported; the only direct evidence for a pairing is a ten-patient finasteride-plus-ketoconazole arm in a 2002 study, and a 2020 systematic review calls topical ketoconazole promising while asking for randomized trials.
Does ketoconazole really help with hair loss? Ketoconazole may help reduce hair loss by inhibiting DHT and reducing scalp inflammation.

learn Fluocinolone

What precautions should I take when using Fluocinolone alongside other hair treatments? No verifiable controlled trial tests topical fluocinolone together with minoxidil, ketoconazole shampoo or scalp oils; clinics commonly advise spacing the products apart and clearing any new combination with the prescriber, because a corticosteroid-thinned scalp barrier is more easily irritated.
Can long-term use of Fluocinolone affect the health of hair follicles? There is no long-term human trial measuring what topical fluocinolone does to hair follicles; what is documented is the label's warning about skin atrophy with prolonged use, plus a 2007 mouse study suggesting hair-follicle bulge stem cells do not repair steroid-induced atrophy.

learn Alopecia Areata

autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss

learn Finasteride

Frontline, gold standard treatment for combatting androgenic alopecia

learn Tofacitinib

a JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata and other autoimmune conditions

learn Valproic acid

an anticonvulsant repurposed for hair loss via histone inhibition

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