12 citations
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August 2015 in “Plastic Surgery” Botulinum toxin may help reduce skin flap damage caused by cigarette smoke.
4 citations
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June 2013 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” Minoxidil improved rat skin flap survival but was less effective than surgical methods.
8 citations
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October 2019 in “The Journal of surgical research/Journal of surgical research” Sodium valproate helps skin healing by affecting GABA and histone deacetylase.
Various substances, quitting smoking, and certain topical applications can enhance the survival of skin flaps used in surgery. Oxygen-free radicals play a role in tissue injury, but certain treatments can have beneficial effects.
1 citations
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January 2019 in “Advances in Medical Sciences” The combination of azelaic acid, minoxidil, and caffeine significantly increased the survival of skin flaps by affecting certain body channels and nitric oxide levels.