179 citations
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July 2005 in “Human Reproduction Update” PCOS is influenced by both genes and environment, but its exact genetic cause is still unclear.
27 citations
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May 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Brothers of women with PCOS tend to have higher levels of a hormone called DHEAS, indicating a possible genetic link.
16 citations
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September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
103 citations
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October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
1 citations
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November 2014 in “British journal of medicine and medical research” PCOS and related metabolic issues often run in families.