October 2020 in “Tierärztliche Praxis. Ausgabe Grosstiere, Nutztiere” Cows moving from tie-stalls to free-stalls had fewer leg injuries but more stress and heel horn erosions.
Cows moving from tie-stall to free-stall housing had more heel problems, less joint lesions, and higher stress levels.
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July 1965 in “Postgraduate medicine” Most skin conditions can be managed with general medical knowledge.
January 2021 in “Middle East journal of applied sciences” Over 30% of livestock in New Valley Governorate, Egypt, had skin diseases, affecting their productivity and income.
November 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The conclusion is that many small genetic variations influence claw disorders in cows, and using genomic selection could help reduce these disorders.