44 citations
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January 2007 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” This study found that Piper nigrum leaf extract showed in vivo anti-androgenic activity and potent 5α-reductase inhibitory effects, with piperine and (−)-cubebin identified as active components.
March 2025 in “Jurnal Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal)” In this study, Indonesian spices were screened in silico for their potential to inhibit MMP9 and TNFα, which are involved in chronic diabetic wounds, and procyanidin was identified as the most promising therapeutic candidate due to its low binding energy to both proteins.