29 citations
,
May 2013 in “Andrologia” Cross-sex hormone treatment in transsexual individuals helps understand how sex hormones affect diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
57 citations
,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
17 citations
,
June 2018 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” The document concludes that non-operative treatment for gender dysphoria is safe and effective, and hormone therapy does not increase cancer risk.
855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.