February 2026 in “Cureus” This case report suggests that crisaborole may be an effective alternative treatment for alopecia areata in pediatric patients, showing significant hair regrowth after two weeks in a 10-year-old girl.
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December 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This review found that oral and topical phosphodiesterase inhibitors and topical prostaglandin analogues are safe and effective treatments for various skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and alopecia.
March 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, patients with active lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia showed significant improvement using a three-stage treatment regimen involving Tofacitinib, Apremilast, and Crisaborole, with 93.5% experiencing marked improvement and only three mild adverse events reported.
November 2025 in “American Journal of Case Reports” This case report describes a child with acrodermatitis enteropathica and normal zinc levels who developed Kaposi's varicelliform eruption, highlighting the role of novel SLC39A4 variants and the importance of early zinc supplementation and antiviral prophylaxis.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.