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July 1990 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Diazoxide, minoxidil sulphate, and cromakalim relax rat blood vessels by opening K+ channels, with some differences in their actions.
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April 2007 in “Kidney international” Vitamin D boosts a specific gene activity in kidney cells that could improve heart and kidney function.
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November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.
April 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Phosphodiesterase inhibitors like tadalafil can reduce cell growth in BPH caused by CD8+ T cells in low androgen conditions.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.