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This study found that in mice with alopecia areata, CD8+ T cells showed clonal expansion and specific regulatory networks, which might help identify new therapeutic targets for patients not responding to JAK inhibitors.

This review discusses non-motor symptoms in autoimmune myasthenia gravis and associated thymomas, highlighting abnormal T-cell clones as a contributing factor, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that in alopecia areata, treatment with the oral JAK-inhibitor tofacitinib decreased clonally expanded CD8⁺ T cells in the scalp, but many expanded clones did not completely disappear, potentially leading to relapse after stopping treatment.

In this study using the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata, researchers found that hyperexpanded CD8⁺ T cell clones were sufficient to initiate disease, establishing a causal link between T cell clonality and pathogenicity.

This open-label study found that oral tofacitinib led to significant hair regrowth in patients with moderate-to-severe alopecia areata, supported by changes in gene expression and T cell dynamics.