Results are not reported in this abstract, which notes that while Janus kinase inhibitors like baricitinib show therapeutic benefits for alopecia areata, the mechanisms and reliable predictors of response remain unclear.
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July 2018 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
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April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that frontal fibrosing alopecia is a highly inflammatory disease involving TH1 and JAK-STAT pathways, without reduced hair keratins, highlighting JAK-STAT signaling as a potential therapeutic target.
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This study reviewed the expression of chemokines in patients with alopecia areata, finding elevated Th1 and Th2 chemokine levels, suggesting a complex immune profile that may require broad immunomodulatory strategies to address the disease's underlying immune dysregulation.
September 2025 in “Figshare” This study conducted a scoping review and meta-analysis revealing a complex chemokine profile in alopecia areata patients, with elevated Th1, Th2, and other immune pathway chemokines, suggesting broader immunomodulatory strategies may help address the disease's multifaceted immune dysregulation.