13 citations
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March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” In this study, formaldehyde hair straighteners significantly damaged curly hair by reducing break stress and break extension, while glyoxylic acid had a milder effect; both treatments increased shear modulus and decreased water sorption.
2 citations
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August 2019 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study observed that the biophysical properties of hair in Caucasian females with brown hair significantly change with age, and smoking or being overweight was linked to smaller hair cross-sectional areas.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
1 citations
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March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Twisting hair weakens it, but strength can be recovered at low twist levels.
August 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Aging significantly affects the hair and scalp of nonbalding Caucasian women, with changes that differ from male pattern baldness.
