15 citations
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December 2019 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” This study found that there is a low prevalence and wide variability in U.S. insurance coverage for ancillary gender surgeries, with specific criteria often required for favorable coverage.
January 2016 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” In this case report, an embryonal cell carcinoma of the testicle was associated with polycythemia and markedly elevated hormone levels without secondary sexual characteristics, which were restored after treatment.
58 citations
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January 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study suggests that sexual dimorphism in adipose tissue functions may be linked to androgen levels, as women with PCOS demonstrated a more masculine adipokine expression pattern.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of masculinization involving androgen signaling and their roles in male embryonic development and conditions like hypospadias and prostate cancer, and reports no clinical results.
39 citations
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October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” This review discusses nonsurgical techniques for facial masculinization and feminization in transgender patients and reports no new clinical findings, utilizing data from analogous procedures in cisgender individuals.