December 2021 in “Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan” In this study, the hair tonic made from the ethanol extract of bandotan leaves, applied on local male rabbits for 21 days, demonstrated significant hair growth activity, especially at a 20% concentration, showing the highest hair length and weight improvements.
March 2022 in “Journal of drug delivery and therapeutics” Sea hibiscus leaf extract at 30% concentration in a hair tonic significantly increased hair growth in guinea pigs.
October 2025 in “INSOLOGI Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi” In this laboratory study on rabbits, the researchers observed that both FET and FHE fractions improved hair length and weight, but minoxidil still led to better results, highlighting the comparative effects of different treatments on hair growth over 28 days.
June 2023 in “MPI (Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana)” This systematic literature review identified kale leaf hair tonic (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) at 5% concentration as an effective herbal cosmeceutical preparation for enhancing hair growth, showing an average increase in hair length over 21 days, while meeting established pharmaceutical standards.
In this study, the ethanol extract of Tridax procumbens leaves exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with specific active compounds identified through GC-MS analysis that may contribute to its therapeutic potential.