February 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” This study found that ApoEVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells improved cutaneous wound healing in diabetic mice by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis and reducing oxidative stress levels.
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September 2023 in “Stem cell research & therapy” In this study, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles were found to improve wound healing in type 2 diabetic mice by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis and reducing oxidative stress levels.
October 2025 in “Cell Proliferation” In laboratory research, investigators found that apoptotic vesicles from interleukin-10-treated fibroblasts promote wound healing and reduce fibrotic scarring by enhancing mitochondrial function, modulating collagen composition, and inhibiting the Hedgehog signalling pathway, offering potential for regenerative medicine applications.
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November 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” This study reported that bio-pulsed avian-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles significantly improved cell proliferation, wound healing, and gene expression in human skin fibroblasts and hair follicle cells.
July 2025 in “Interdisciplinary materials” This study found that a microneedle patch integrating curcumin-loaded vesicles and a stem cell-derived matrix showed promise in reducing hypertrophic scars and promoting hair follicle formation in a rabbit model.