Yellow Dots in Trichoscopy: Relevance, Clinical Significance, and Peculiarities

The document discusses the significance of yellow dots observed in trichoscopy, which are dilated follicular infundibula filled with keratotic material and/or sebum. Initially thought to be exclusive to alopecia areata, yellow dots have since been identified in other scalp diseases such as androgenetic alopecia, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE), and dissecting cellulitis, each with distinct characteristics. In alopecia areata, yellow dots are numerous, pinkish-yellow, and indicate a poor prognosis. In androgenetic alopecia, they are less numerous, vary in size, and are associated with engorged sebaceous glands. In CCLE, yellow dots are larger, well-delimited, and correspond to hyperkeratosis and follicular caps. In dissecting cellulitis, they appear three-dimensional, resembling soap bubbles. Yellow dots can also be found in other conditions like trichotillomania, but are rare. Recognizing the peculiarities of yellow dots in different dermatoses is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.