Vitamin D and Skin: A Review and Update

Vitamin D, beyond its well-known role in bone health, is crucial for the optimal functioning of various tissues, including the skin. It has endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine functions, with receptors and converting enzymes present in skin cells. Vitamin D analogs effectively treat psoriasis vulgaris due to their impact on keratinocytes. Emerging roles include immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic effects, suggesting potential in treating atopic dermatitis and infections like verucca vulgaris. Low vitamin D levels are linked to autoimmune diseases such as vitiligo, with topical vitamin D used in treatment. Recent evidence indicates that cutaneous vitamin D synthesis may help prevent skin malignancies, and oral supplementation may reduce cancer mortality. This review highlights the extensive study of vitamin D's role in various dermatological diseases.