Tolerance to and Unwanted Effects of Valproate Sodium

Sodium valproate (VPA) was found to be a safe and effective antiepileptic drug for both children and adults, including the elderly, with fewer side effects compared to other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). It was associated with minimal cognitive and behavioral issues, unlike phenytoin and phenobarbital. Common side effects specific to VPA included weight gain, tremor, and hair loss, which could be managed by adjusting the dosage. Gastrointestinal disturbances were reduced with enteric or 'chrono' VPA tablets, and a single daily dose regimen improved compliance without increasing toxicity. Rare cases of fatal hepatotoxicity were reported as an idiosyncratic reaction.