Unmasking Melasma: Confronting the Treatment Challenges

Melasma is a complex pigmentary disorder primarily affecting women with certain skin types, characterized by irregular hyperpigmented patches. Its treatment is challenging due to multifactorial causes, resistance to therapies, and high recurrence rates. Traditional treatments like hydroquinone face scrutiny for adverse effects, leading to the exploration of alternatives such as azelaic acid, retinoids, and oral tranexamic acid (TXA), which shows promise in combination therapies. Photoprotection is essential, and personalized treatment plans are crucial for effective management. Recent studies highlight the potential of combination therapies, including procedural interventions like microneedling and laser treatments, to improve outcomes. However, further research is needed to optimize long-term management and minimize side effects.