Tese Nanoparticle-Integrated Exosomes for Accelerated Diabetic Pressure Ulcer Healing via NIR-II Triggered Synergy

This study explores a novel therapeutic approach for diabetic pressure ulcers by combining human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hADSC-Exos) with selenium telluride (TeSe) nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) triggered by near-infrared-II (NIR-II) irradiation. The research, conducted on a diabetic mouse model, demonstrates that multiple low-dose exosome injections are more effective than a single high-dose in promoting wound healing. The combination therapy significantly enhances wound closure, hair follicle regeneration, and collagen remodeling within 21 days. TeSe nanoparticles exhibit effective NIR-II photothermal conversion and antibacterial properties, which, when integrated with exosomes, boost fibroblast migration and proliferation. Histological analysis shows increased angiogenesis, reduced inflammation, and improved collagen remodeling, suggesting this synergistic therapy as a promising treatment for diabetic pressure ulcers.