Synergistic Effect of Stauntonia Hexaphylla (Thunb.) Decne Fruit and Leaf on RAW 264.7 Osteoclast and MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast Differentiation

The study explores the effects of Stauntonia hexaphylla (SH) fruit and leaf extracts on bone health, specifically targeting osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation using RAW 264.7 and MC3T3-E1 cell lines. The research demonstrates that both extracts promote bone formation, with leaf extracts showing superior efficacy due to higher polyphenol content. A mixed extract (SH28) of fruits and leaves exhibited a synergistic effect, enhancing osteoblast proliferation and mineralization while inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Key bioactive compounds such as neo-chlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, and rutin contribute to these effects. Although promising for osteoporosis prevention and treatment, the findings are based on in vitro experiments, requiring further validation in animal models and clinical trials to confirm their efficacy and safety in humans.