The Stag as a Historical Source of Materia Medica

The document examines the historical use of the male red deer (Cervus elephas) in traditional medicine, highlighting its significance from classical times through the early modern period. Various parts of the stag, such as antlers, heart bone, and genitals, were believed to possess medicinal properties due to the animal's legendary vitality. These components were used to treat numerous health issues, including infections, infertility, sexual impotence, and baldness. The stag's body parts were incorporated into amulets, Galenic simples, and alchemical derivatives, reflecting a blend of folklore and early medical practices. Although the use of stag-derived medicines declined around 1750, some practices continue in Traditional Chinese Medicine today.