Serum IL-21 Level and Its Relation to Activity and Severity of Alopecia Areata

January 2022 in “ The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine ”

Amira M. Ahmed, Ahmed Abdel Khabir Ahmed Ibrahim, Ziyad Mohamed Essam El-Din Tawhid, Ahmed Fawzi Ismael

alopecia areata IL-21 SALT score AUC-ROC

TLDR Higher IL-21 levels may help predict alopecia areata activity.

This study investigated the relationship between serum IL-21 levels and the activity and severity of alopecia areata (AA) in 40 patients compared to 40 healthy controls. It found that IL-21 levels were significantly higher in AA patients and positively correlated with disease activity, suggesting IL-21 as a potential predictor of AA activity. However, IL-21 levels did not vary significantly with different SALT scores. The study concluded that serum IL-21 could serve as a promising diagnostic and prognostic marker for AA, with an AUC-ROC of 0.962 and an accuracy of 86.3%, using a cut-off point of 22.22 pg/ml.

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