A Safety Comparative Study Between Freezing Nitrogen Ethanol Composite and Liquid Nitrogen for Cryotherapy of Musculoskeletal Tumors

The study compared the safety of freezing nitrogen ethanol composite (FNEC) and liquid nitrogen (LN) for cryotherapy in musculoskeletal tumors. Using a mouse model with human bone xenograft transplantation, the researchers found that FNEC caused significantly less damage to surrounding tissues, such as skin, muscle, and bone, compared to LN. Specifically, LN resulted in greater epidermal rupture, hair follicle atrophy, and muscular and bone cellular apoptosis. The study concluded that FNEC is a safer cryogenic material than LN, as it minimizes damage to adjacent normal tissues while maintaining effective cryoablative properties. This research supported the potential clinical application of FNEC in cryoablation therapy.