195 citations
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January 2008 in “Photochemistry and Photobiology” This review discusses the effects of visible light on human skin, highlighting its role in pigmentation, thermal damage, and the treatment of several skin conditions, while noting limited sunscreen protection against it; no new clinical results are reported.
18 citations
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March 2009 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” This study found that sunlight exposure causes significant structural and chemical damage to hair, including cuticle loss, cortex damage, and discoloration, with water playing a major role in discoloration of brown hair.
2 citations
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March 2017 in “Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology” This study found that caffeic acid reduced UVB-induced damage and oxidative stress in human dermal papilla cells, suggesting its protective efficacy against such cellular damage.
22 citations
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July 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This article reviews the impact of UV radiation and visible light on human hair structure and summarizes protective strategies, reporting no new clinical results.
6 citations
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May 2025 in “Cosmetics” This review synthesizes research on solar radiation's multifaceted effects on skin and recent advancements in sunscreen technology, including formulation, testing methods, and the use of AI, to inform future sun protection product development.