Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) was a severe autoimmune disease with higher morbidity in children than adults, often presenting with rash, fever, and arthritis. It was more common in post-pubescent females and varied by ethnicity, with higher incidence in African American, Puerto Rican, Hispanic, Native American, Pacific Islander, and Asian populations. Diagnosis required meeting 4 of the 11 American College of Rheumatology criteria. Treatment included sun protection, hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents. Renal disease affected up to 65% of pSLE patients and required aggressive treatment. The FDA approved belimumab for SLE, the first new medication in nearly 50 years. The document emphasized early and aggressive treatment, individualized care plans, and managing comorbid conditions to improve outcomes. Pediatricians played a crucial role in managing these patients, ensuring vaccinations and educational accommodations, with a multidisciplinary team approach being essential for optimal care.