A Patient With Combined Polycystic Ovary Syndrome And Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 2

January 2007 in “ Gynecological Endocrinology ”

Seung-Hwan Lee, Mee-Ran Kim, Jihyun Kim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Kun-Ho Yoon, Ho-Young Son, Bong-Yun Cha

polycystic ovary syndrome autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 type 1 diabetes autoimmune thyroiditis hyperandrogenism alopecia telogen effluvium hypothyroidism androgens insulin thyroxine medroxyprogesterone PCOS APS type 2 diabetes thyroid disease hair loss thyroid hormone progesterone

Studysummary This case report presents the first known instance of combined polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 in a patient, exploring potential mechanisms for their interrelation.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

In 2007, a 26-year-old female was the first reported case of a patient diagnosed with both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 (APS type 2), which includes type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroiditis. She presented with symptoms including polyuria, polydipsia, acute weight loss, and amenorrhea. Her diagnosis was confirmed through various tests, including positive autoantibodies for GAD-65 and IA-2, hypothyroidism with positive anti-microsomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies, and ultrasonography for PCOS. She exhibited clinical hyperandrogenism without biochemical hyperandrogenemia, possibly due to increased local tissue sensitivity to androgens or ethnic differences. Alopecia was diagnosed as telogen effluvium, potentially linked to her hypothyroidism. Her treatment included insulin injections, thyroxine replacement, and cyclic medroxyprogesterone. The case highlighted the need for screening PCOS patients for APS components and suggested a potential autoimmune link between PCOS and APS, although the exact mechanism remains unknown.

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Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

research Criteria for Defining Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a Predominantly Hyperandrogenic Syndrome: An Androgen Excess Society Guideline

1744 citations , August 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

This review discusses definitions of polycystic ovary syndrome and reports no new clinical results; the authors support using modified 1990 NIH criteria and acknowledge ongoing evolution as research advances.

research Diagnosis of Hyperandrogenism: Clinical Criteria

85 citations , June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

This review outlines the challenges in diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women, focusing on its manifestations like hirsutism, acne, and virilization, but provides no new results.

research Prevalence of Polycystic Ovaries in Women with Androgenic Alopecia

84 citations , November 2003 in “European journal of endocrinology”

This study found that women with androgenic alopecia had a higher prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology and higher androgen levels compared to controls, suggesting a strong association with PCO.