MicroRNA-Enriched Exosomes from Different Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Differentially Modulate Functions of Immune Cells and Neurogenesis

This study investigated the role of microRNA-enriched exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different tissue sources and their effects on immune cells and neurogenesis. Exosomes were purified from three sources, and RNA-Seq was used to identify and compare microRNAs between exosomes and their parental cells. The study found that the expression levels of several miRNAs varied among different MSCs and exosomes, and most miRNA profiles differed from their sources. Exosomes from different sources showed varying abilities to induce neurogenesis and angiogenesis and had diverse effects on PBMC proliferation, neutrophil survival, and NET formation. This research enhanced the understanding of the miRNA landscape in exosomes from hMSCs and their interactions with immune cells.