Role of Metformin and Vitamin D3 in Obese PCOS Patients

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent disorder in women of reproductive age, characterized by symptoms like menstrual irregularity, infertility, and male-pattern hair loss. The study highlights the roles of metformin and vitamin D3 in managing PCOS, particularly in obese patients. Metformin is recommended alongside lifestyle interventions for women with a BMI of 25 kg/m² or higher, as it helps with glucose intolerance and may be beneficial for long-term use. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to insulin resistance in PCOS, and vitamin D supplementation can enhance insulin synthesis, release, and receptor expression, thereby improving insulin sensitivity. Both metformin and vitamin D are significant in addressing insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances in PCOS management.